mindmap root((造诣)) acquirement suggests the result of continued endeavor to cultivate oneself: an appreciation of good music was not one of his ~s. (acquire有2个意思 1、获得to get something, 如acquire a new home获得新家，如she acquired control of the company她获得公司控制权，如the old word has acquired a new meaning旧词获得了新含义 2、努力获取新技术能力to gain( a new skill, ability, etc.)，如he has acquired a reputation as a good worker/for dishonesty赢得了好工人的声誉/奸诈的声誉，如I have recently acquired a taste for olives我最近开始喜欢吃橄榄了，her art is an acquired taste欣赏她的美术作品需要培养品味（表示起初不容易欣赏和喜欢，需要培养品味），如broad beans are very much an acquired taste要慢慢适应才能吃得惯蚕豆，如she has acquired a fluency in English她英语已经流利。acquirement来自义项2） acquisition stresses the effort involved and the inherent value of what is gained: the ability to concentrate is a valuable ~. attainment implies a distinguished achievement (in the arts or sciences) and suggests fully developed talents: honored as woman of the year for her many ~s. 又如we can't exaggerate his scientific attainment我们无法估量他在科学上的造诣，如he is a scholar of the highest attainments他是位造诣很深的学者 （attain取得获得stresses the spur of aspiration or ambition and suggests a reaching for the extreme, the unusual, or the difficult强调异常困难，需要巨大努力远大志向，如vowed not to relax his efforts until peace was attained誓言不取得和平不停歇） achieve同样强调需要克服巨大困难 accomplishment implies a socially useful skill: mastery of a foreign language is an admirable ~.